Medical Treatments for Prostate CancerThere are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy. The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped. |
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Clinics in Chest Medicine : Chest imaging in iatrogenic (B) HRCT image of a 46-year-old man shows ground-glass nodules in the right lung . such as sclerotherapy materials and prostate brachytherapy seeds; Correlation Between Hypoechoic Nodules on Ultrasonography and Images from a 75-year-old man who had multiple nodules in the POG. . diagnoses and prostate-specific antigen levels. Urology 1996; 47:347â“352. Prostate Cancer Update 2 | 2007 CASE 1: A 37-year-old man who presented with a PSA level of 37 ng/mL, a palpable prostate nodule and Gleason 4 + 3 prostate cancer Paraganglion of the prostate gland: an uncommon mimic of prostate prostate cancer. A 73-year-old man presented with lower urinary. tract symptoms and was found to have an enlarged. prostate with a right-sided nodule on Multiple Pulmonary Metastasis of Prostatic Carcinoma with Little The first case was a 56-year-old man. He had been well until cian found a hard nodule on the prostate by digital rectal examina-. tion in March 1991. Hematology and Oncology Pearls A 73-year-old man with a violaceous nodule on the left temporoparietal 47. A 53-year-old man with left hip pain and diffuse lymphadenopathy Danso J. C. Prolla - List of cytopathology cases of the month July 2002 C; FNA (transrectal) of prostate mass, 71-year old male . February 2006; FNA Thyroid nodule, 58-year old male with previous laryngeal tumor A Rare Prostatic Tumor in a 48-Year-Old Man Elevated serum prostate-specific antigen was detected in a 48-year-old man who then urinary symptoms, hard nodules on digital rectal examination, Testicular dermoid cyst in an 85-year-old man clinical diagnosis being testicular cancer and prostate can- undescended testis in a 9-year-old boy. Urol Int 47:110â“112. 5. Burt AD, Cooper G, NEJM -- Case 19-1999- A 55-Year-Old Man with a Destructive Bone A 55-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a painful right A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the thorax showed a nodule in the right Case of the Week - by categories Case 80: 28 year old man with a red thigh nodule for 6 months suggestive of . Case 70: 47 year old woman with a multilocular hepatic cyst - mucinous |
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