Medical Treatments for Prostate CancerThere are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy. The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped. |
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Cancer staging - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 4 Overall stage grouping; 5 TNM staging; 6 Stage migration; 7 External links Prostate cancer: outside of US, TNM almost universally used. The stages of prostate cancer So even if the tumour appears to be very small, but the bone scan shows that there is cancer in the bones, then the prostate cancer is Stage 4. Statistics and prognosis for prostate cancer This advanced disease is called stage 4 prostate cancer. About 1 in 3 (30%) men with advanced prostate cancer will live for more than five years after Stage IV Prostate Cancer Treatments You have Stage IV prostate cancer and need to make decisions about what treatments to have. Stage 4 Prostate Cancer Treatments. From Apply Now, Prostate Cancer Treatment - National Cancer Institute Stage II Prostate Cancer · Stage III Prostate Cancer 4 Many urologists now use a bioptic gun with ultrasound guidance, which is relatively painless. Prostate Cancer Treatment - National Cancer Institute Stage IV prostate cancer is defined by the following staging systems: or locally advanced prostate cancer (T1â“2, N0, NX; T3â“4, any N; or any T, N+). Flax Oil and Cancer pt.1 As I narrate this in July, l998, seven and a half years have passed since I was found to have stage four prostate cancer. As I learned later I should have Prostate Cancer (Metastasized/Late Stage) - Disease Therapies Protocol These men were monitored with PSA testing every 4 months. Of 559 men with an initial PSA of 2.0 ng/ml or . Continuation of PROSTATE CANCER: LATE STAGE Prostate Cancer, The Cancer Information Network Patients diagnosed in early stage prostate cancer have a significant higher . and they tend to be diagnosed at late stage. 4. Prostate Cancer: The Silent Prostate Cancer Staging Systems - oncologychannel C1 Extends outside the prostate capsule. C2 Bladder or urethral obstruction. Prostate Cancer Stage 4. Click to enlarge image. Stage D Prostate Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) Treatment of stage I prostate cancer may include the following: . For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER |
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