Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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Medical News: Greater BMI Linked to Increasing Locally Advanced
Explain to interested patients that obesity, as reflected by BMI, may increase the risk of cancer-specific mortality in men with locally advanced prostate

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In 2004, ASCO published a clinical practice guideline about hormone therapy for advanced prostate cancer. This guideline was updated in 2007 to reflect

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Is this topic for you? This topic covers prostate cancer that has spread or come back after treatment. For information on early cancer that is confined to

TheStar.com | News | Green tea may help prevent advanced prostate
TOKYOâ“Drinking green tea may reduce the risk of advanced prostate cancer, according to a study by researchers at Japan's National Cancer Center.

UWTV Program: Prostate Cancer: Advanced Disease
Prostate Cancer: Advanced Disease Experts from the University of Washington and Seattle Cancer Care Alliance discuss advances in the treatment of patients

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Advanced prostate cancer patients, their wives and children can all take advantage of this leave in times when care is needed.

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ZOLADEX is a prescription medication approved for use in combination with flutamide (an antiandrogen) plus radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer

Advanced Prostate Cancer Treatment - WebMD
Information about the treatment options that are available for advanced prostate cancer.

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What is prostate cancer? Prostate cancer is the abnormal growth of cells in a man's prostate gland.

Treatment of advanced prostate cancer, from the Prostate Cancer
Treatment of advanced prostate cancer, from Prostate Cancer Infolink web site, preserved at Phoenix5.

eMedicine - Prostate Cancer: Metastatic and Advanced Disease
Prostate Cancer: Metastatic and Advanced Disease - Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States in men dying from cancer and is

Postgraduate Medicine: Prostate Cancer Symposium: Advanced
The urologist is usually the key treating physician for patients with advanced prostate cancer. With most types of metastatic cancer in the United States,

Advanced prostate cancer treatments, from UCSF
This sheet has been developed to provide you with general information on the different treatments available at UCSF for advanced prostate cancer.


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