Medical Treatments for Prostate CancerThere are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy. The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped. |
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Three Genetic Prostate Cancer Risk Factors Identified Three separate locations on human chromosome 8q24 appear to be independently associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Risk Factors - Prostate Cancer Health Information Free articles and multimedia from The NY Times, including information on symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, tests, and surgical procedures, as well as current Prostate Cancer - oncologychannel The risk for developing prostate cancer rises significantly with age, and 60% of newly diagnosed Last Reviewed: 17 Oct 2007 Back to top. Risk Factors » Human prostate cancer risk factors. This review is a contemporary and comprehensive, literature-based analysis of the putative risk factors for human prostate cancer, and the results were Prostate Cancer The major risk factors for prostate cancer include genetic, dietary, and environmental factors that effect male hormones (androgens) and make a man more Prostate cancer risks and causes Prostate cancer is quite rare in men under 50. Nearly 2 out of 3 cases (63%) are in men aged 70 and over. Age is the most significant risk factor of all for Cancer Research UK : Prostate Cancer risk factors Information on the risk factors for prostate cancer from the Statistics team at Cancer Research UK. Prostate cancer: Risk factors - MayoClinic.com Knowing the risk factors for prostate cancer can help you determine if and when you want to begin prostate cancer screening. The main risk factors include: Risk Factors - Prostate Cancer Foundation Causes and risk factors of prostate cancer include age, race, family history, diet, obesity & nutrition, vitamin D & sunlight, and circulating male hormone ACS :: What Are The Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer? Age is the strongest risk factor for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is very rare before the age of 40, but the chance of having prostate cancer rises Prostate Cancer Health Center The greatest risk factor for prostate cancer is age. This risk increases significantly after the age of 50 in white men who have no family history of the |
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