Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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Prostate Cancer Treatment and Hormonal Therapy from TAP
Learn about other options including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, About Prostate Cancer and Lupron Depot. Prostate Cancer Treatment Information from

Prostate Cancer: No One Answer for Testing or Treatment No One
Studies done at the Georgia Center for Prostate Cancer Research and Treatment show that 68 percent of men treated with both radiation methods applied

Lupron.com: Hormonal Therapy
Information on Lupron Depot^ (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension) in the palliative treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Lupron Depot: Treatment Options Chart
The major treatment options for prostate cancer include surgery, radiation, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy and watchful waiting.

Prostate High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy
Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). High risk prostate cancer protocol cancer may be recommended to take triple hormone blockade (Lupron +

Advanced prostate cancer treatments, from UCSF
We define "advanced" prostate cancer as prostate cancer that requires additional therapy beyond surgery and/or radiation. The treatment options available to

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Lupron Depot^ Hormone Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer
Lupron Depot is indicated for the palliative treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Individual results may vary. Please see the full Prescribing Information

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Prostate cancer
The appropriate treatment of prostate cancer is often controversial. The drugs Lupron or Zoladex are also being used to treat advanced prostate cancer.

Oncology (General Cancer): Prostate cancer and Lupron Depot
Questions concerning Cancer, Oncology, radiation Therapy, Tumours, Chemotherapy, Subject: Prostate cancer and Lupron Depot Question Dr. Nordquist,


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