Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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Statin Use Linked With Decreased Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates
Urologists and researchers have postulated in recent years that statin medications could have an impact on the growth and progression of prostate cancer.

Obesity boosts prostate cancer mortality | Health | Reuters
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Obese men diagnosed with prostate cancer are more than twice as likely to die of the disease than their leaner peers,

Prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends in the
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare prostate cancer incidence and mortality trends between the United States and Canada over a period of

Trends in prostate cancer incidence and mortality: an analysis of
Between 1985â“1989 and 1995â“1999 prostate cancer mortality declined by 17.6% and 7.9% in the 2 age groups respectively. Among men aged 50â“74 years SHAs with

Deaths from Prostate Cancer - WrongDiagnosis.com
Deaths caused by Prostate Cancer as a medical condition including life expectancy Mortality Database, Australiaâ™s Health 2004, AIHW); Prostate cancer

eMedicine - Prostate Cancer: Metastatic and Advanced Disease
Evidence is accumulating that, owing to early diagnosis and treatment, a decline in prostate cancer-related mortality has occurred since the 1970s.

Recent Trends in Mortality Rates for Four Major Cancers, by Sex
Death rates for prostate cancer were more than twice as high for blacks than for whites (Table 1). Rates were lowest among APIs. Death rates decreased for

Prostate Cancer Home Page - National Cancer Institute
Information about prostate cancer treatment, prevention, genetics, causes, screening, Information related to cancer incidence, mortality, and survival

Cancer Research UK : UK Prostate Cancer mortality statistics
The latest UK prostate cancer mortality statistics from the Statistics team at Cancer Research UK.

Prostate Cancer Resources and Information | OncoLink
We know that prostate cancer usually grows very slowly, so intuitively it would make sense that we could reduce mortality from prostate cancer by picking it

NIH Press Release -Recent Trends in Prostate Cancer Incidence - 11
Increases in U.S. prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates since the 1970s have The recent decline in prostate cancer mortality rates occurs in the


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