Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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SPECT/MRI-guided Minimally Invasive Treatment of Prostate Cancer
We are currently investigating the extension of these techniques to the treatment of prostate cancer. Since MRI does not reliably show prostate tumors,

IngentaConnect Initial clinical assessment of CT-MRI image fusion
Materials and Methods: After a phantom study was performed to ensure the accuracy of image fusion procedure, 22 prostate cancer patients had CT and MRI

Further tests for prostate cancer
This page tells you about further tests you may have if you have been diagnosed with prostate cancer. There is information on MRI scanBone scanX-rayCT

Detecting Prostate Cancer
PSA is used as an early detection test for prostate cancer. . MRI pictures can show abnormal lymph nodes or changes in internal organs that suggest

CT-MRI image fusion for delineation of volumes in three
CTâ“MRI image fusion for delineation of volumes in three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer

MRI in Prostate Cancer
MRI is the abbreviation for magnetic resonance imaging. MRI is a painless and noninvasive way to identify prostate cancer stage.

Treatments for Prostate Cancer - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
An innovative diagnostic technology used by Cancer Treatment Centers of MRI for Prostate Cancer. Learn More About Prostate Cancer MRI: Chat with Us

MRI for Prostate Cancer - WebMD
In prostate cancer patients, MRI may be used to examine the prostate to distinguish An MRI is a test that produces very clear pictures of the human body

eMedicine - Prostate Carcinoma : Article by Richard Clements
Image fusion of capromab pendetide images with CT scan or MRI can provide details of prostate cancer localization andimprove the low spatial resolution of

ACS :: How Is Prostate Cancer Staged?
MRI scans can be very helpful in looking at prostate cancer. They can produce a very clear picture of the prostate and show whether the cancer has spread

NEJM -- MRI-Guided Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer
To the Editor: In the United States, the most common method for diagnosing prostate cancer is a transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate

Our Science - Center for Cancer Research
Prostate cancer is notoriously difficult to image. CCR imaging research focuses on using MRI to guide prostate cancer treatment more accurately than is

MRI of Prostate Cancer at 1.5 and 3.0 T: Comparison of Image
MRI of Prostate Cancer at 1.5 and 3.0 T: Comparison of Image Quality in Tumor Detection and Staging. Dirk Beyersdorff1, Kasra Taymoorian2, Thomas Knösel3,

MRI of Prostate Cancer at 1.5 and 3.0 T: Comparison of Image
This prospective study was performed to compare the image quality, tumor delineation, and depiction of staging criteria on MRI of prostate cancer at 1.5 and

Dâ™Amico Papers - Using Endorectal MRI - Prostate Cancer Research
The greater the tumor volume, the more likely the prostate cancer is not organ confined. Dâ™Amico, et al took this one step further to show that the presence

Role of Combined MRI & MRSI in Treating Prostate Cancer - Prostate
The combination of MRI and MRSI can also better define the location and extent of cancer within the prostate (hash-marked area on CT image) thereby allowing

Prostate MRI
If a biopsy has confirmed cancer, a doctor may use MRI or other imaging techniques to determine if the cancer is confined to the prostate,

MEDRAD Prostate MR FAQs
How does endorectal MRI help in the diagnosis of Prostate Cancer? MRI can provide a clear picture in helping the oncologist guide the therapy that is

PSA Test and Prostate Cancer Symptoms
MRI scans can be very helpful in looking at prostate cancer. By producing a very clear picture of the prostate gland, the MRI can show whether the cancer


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