Medical Treatments for Prostate CancerThere are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy. The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped. |
| gleason grade prostate cancer |
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N-cadherin switching occurs in high Gleason grade prostate cancer Gleason Grade Prostate Cancer. Meena Jaggi,* Tanya Nazemi, Neil A. Abrahams, John J. Baker,. Anton Galich, Lynette M. Smith, and K.C. Balaji* Gleason Grade Migration; changes in grade - Prostate Cancer The prostate cancer outcomes for the entire group of patients were identical regardless of which Gleason grade (ÁœcontemporaryÁ« or ÁœoriginalÁ«). Glossary of Prostate Cancer Related Terms, G - Prostate Cancer Gleason grade: a widely used method for classifying prostate cancer tissue for the degree of loss of the normal glandular architecture (size, Statistics and prognosis for prostate cancer In prostate cancer, this is recorded as your Gleason score. A Gleason score of 2, 3 or 4 indicates a low grade prostate cancer that is likely to grow very Gleason Grade - Prostate Cancer Research Foundation The Gleason Grading System is the most common way doctors grade the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. To assign a Gleason Grade, a pathologist examines Grading | Prostate Cancer Information | UPMC Cancer Centers The most commonly used prostate cancer grading system, called Gleason grading, Gleason grade versus Gleason score Prostate cancers often have areas with Gleason Grading Some of the uncommon variants of prostate cancer are depicted on these pages. Many are high-grade tumors (Gleason grade 4 or 5) while other patterns mimic Prostate Cancer: Gleason grade The vast majority of prostate cancers are Gleason grade 6 -7, or moderate. It is virtually impossible to make a diagnosis of Grades 2 to 4 on needle biopsy. Gleason Grade - the Pathology Report Prostate cancer is a malignant growth originating in the cells of the Moderately well differentiated cancers have a moderate Gleason grade of 5 or 6. Gleason Grading of Prostate Cancer Illustrated Phoenix5 The most widely used grading method for prostate cancer is known as the Gleason grading system (see Gleason Scores, page 7). Tumor grade is useful as a Gleason Grading, Understanding it, from the Prostate Cancer If your physician talks to you about the grade of your prostate cancer, you may want to ask if it is the Gleason grade that he or she is referring to. |
| gleason grade prostate cancer |
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