Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

graft nerve post prostatectomy
IngentaConnect Sural nerve graft during laparoscopic radical
After prostatectomy, but before the vesicourethral anastomosis, an autologous sural nerve graft was interposed between the divided end of the cavernous

IngentaConnect Impact of unilateral interposition sural nerve
Impact of unilateral interposition sural nerve graft on the recovery of sexual function after radical prostatectomy in Japanese men: A preliminary study

Cavernous nerve graft reconstruction during radical prostatectomy
This is a report on preliminary experience with cavernous nerve graft Four patients (three post prostatectomy and one post cystectomy) were fully potent

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases - Abstract of article
Cavernous nerve graft reconstruction during radical prostatectomy or Four patients (three post prostatectomy and one post cystectomy) were fully potent.

M. D. Anderson Cancer Center - Genitourinary Center - Prostate
Sural nerve graft was developed in the late 1990s and is still considered Current and future studies of post-prostatectomy ED are focusing on improving

Genitourinary Center - Prostate Cancer Surgery Including
An M. D. Anderson study of 30 sural nerve graft patients indicates that 50% can Current and future studies of post-prostatectomy ED are focusing on

Robotic Prostatectomy, da Vinci Prostatectomy, Nerve Sparing
Sural nerve graft . Finally, regardless of the approach (open or robotic), we work intensively with all patients post-operatively to improve the rate of

Thoughts from a robotic surgeon: Nerve Grafts May Restore Erectile
Nerve Grafts May Restore Erectile Function After Prostatectomy · Nerve Grafts May Restore Erectile Function After March 6, 2007 9:16 AM · Post a Comment

Radical Prostatectomy
At Virginia Mason's CPCC, over 50 percent of men undergoing a unilateral sural nerve graft have post-operative erections that are adequate for penetration.

Erectile function following unilateral cavernosal nerve graft
While bilateral cavernosal nerve grafting after radical prostatectomy has shown and pre and post op IIEF data was collected and prospectively analyzed.

sural nerve grafting after prostatectomy, Forbes story
Neural graft may restore sexual potency, AP 8/13/01. Until recently the best chance to avoid post-op impotence was so-called nerve-sparing surgery,

Cavernous Nerve Interposition Grafting During Radical Prostatectomy
The neurogenic etiology of post-prostatectomy ED was first postulated by Walsh .. Bilateral nerve graft during radical retropubic prostatectomy: 1-year

Blackwell Synergy - BJU Int, Volume 97 Issue s1 Page 33-36, March
Renal volume, pre-transplant CT estimated renal volume does not predict graft function post-transplantation, 45 Robotics laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

Cavernous nerve interposition grafting during radical prostatectomy
The neurogenic etiology of post-prostatectomy ED was first .. eral nerve graft at the time of prostatectomy 23. These

The Journal of Urology : IS A NERVE (GRAFT) STILL A NERVE BY ANY
The sural nerve has been used as a nerve graft for various nerves, including the cavernous nerves that have been resected after radical prostatectomy.

The Journal of Urology : Intraoperative Nerve Stimulation With
14 Bilateral nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy was performed . Impact of interposition of sural nerve graft on urinary control in patients

Contemporary Strategies for Treating Erectile Dysfunction
Risk Factors for Post-prostatectomy Erectile Dysfunction The ultimate goal in . At eight months, patients who received a sural nerve graft had a mean


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